Islamic RevivalThe Linguistic Miracle of the Quran |The Evidence Course | Session 5 / Part 2 (2021-10-06) ​
Description ​
Session 5 Part 2
In an age of information overload and widespread pseudo-intellectualism, understanding the core foundations of Islam is as essential as ever.
This course comprehensively deconstructs the skeletal structure of prevalent ideologies and concepts such as atheism, scientism, materialism, secularism, and skepticism, in light of an all-encompassing intellectually robust Islamic worldview.
Thought Adventure Support â—„ PayPal - https://www.paypal.com/donate/?hosted_button_id=6KZWK75RB23RN â—„ YouTube - https://www.youtube.com/c/ThoughtAdventurePodcast/join â—„ PATREON - https://www.patreon.com/thoughtadventurepodcast
Thought Adventure Social Media ◄ Twitter: https://twitter.com/T_A_Podcast​​ [@T_A_Podcast] ◄ Clubhouse https://www.clubhouse.com/club/thought-adventure-podcast ◄ Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/7x4UVfTz9QX8KVdEXquDUC ◄ Facebook: https://m.facebook.com/ThoughtAdventurePodcast ◄ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/ThoughtAdventurePodcast​
The Hosts: ----------------------| Jake Brancatella, The Muslim Metaphysician
- Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCcGQRfTPNyHlXMqckvz2uqQ
- Twitter: https://twitter.com/MMetaphysician​​ [@MMetaphysician]
----------------------|
Yusuf Ponders, The Pondering Soul
- Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCsiDDxy0JXLqM6HBA0MA4NA
- Twitter: https://twitter.com/YusufPonders​​ [@YusufPonders]
- Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/yusufponders​ [@yusufpodners]
----------------------|
Sharif
- Twitter: https://twitter.com/sharifhafezi​​ [@sharifhafezi]
----------------------|
Abdulrahman
- Twitter: https://twitter.com/abdul_now​ [@abdul_now]
----------------------|
Admin
Riyad Gmail: hello.tapodcast@gmail.com
Summary of The Linguistic Miracle of the Quran |The Evidence Course | Session 5 / Part 2 ​
This summary is AI generated - there may be inaccuracies. *
00:00:00 - 00:30:00 ​
discusses the linguistic miracle of the Quran, which refers to the fact that the Quran is a miraculously flawless, accurately delivered message from God. The Quran's linguistic superiority over other scriptures is a demonstration of this miracle. Muslims believe that if a person doubts the Quran's authenticity, they are required to produce a chapter like it in Arabic. Non-Arabs who understand Arabic can also appreciate the miracle of the Quran.
**00:00:00 ** The linguistic miracle of the Quran refers to the fact that the Quran is a miraculously flawless, accurately delivered message from God. The Quran's linguistic superiority over other scriptures is a demonstration of this miracle. Muslims believe that if a person doubts the Quran's authenticity, they are required to produce a chapter like it in Arabic. Non-Arabs who understand Arabic can also appreciate the miracle of the Quran.
- **00:05:00 ** The Arabic language has a unique sound that is recognizable to anyone who listens to the Quran. The linguistic miracle of the Quran is the fact that the Quran was written in a language that is similar to but different from other Arabic dialects, and that it was structured in a way that is unique to Arabic poetry.
- **00:10:00 ** The linguist discusses the different genres of the Quran, noting that the language is not from any of the 16 different forms of poetry or the two different general forms of prose. They explain that the phonetics of the words correspond to the meaning of the words and that the sound of the words corresponds to the mood and emotions of the verses themselves. Together, these factors make the Quran a unique and smooth text to read.
- **00:15:00 ** The quran has a unique musicality that is due to the use of perfect verb tenses and expressions. The balaga or rhetoric of the Quran is divided into three disciplines: meaning, embellishing the language, and emphasizing certain words.
- **00:20:00
- Discusses the different ways in which Arabic words can be rearranged, and how this affects the meaning of a sentence. explains that the order of words in the Quran is the perfect order at every moment, and that this is due to the correct syntax used.
- **00:25:00 ** The Qur'an is a miraculous linguistic work that exhibits perfect literary and musical symmetry. Its words and phrasing are carefully chosen to convey specific meaning, and there was no human editing or revision process involved.
- **00:30:00 ** in this video points out that linguistic challenge is something that can be objectively assessed, and that it is definitely something that can be used to judge the quality of a text. He summarizes this by saying that the text is excellent in terms of its composition, appropriateness of word usage, eloquence, multiple forms of brevity, and unusual rhetoric that is unheard of among the Arabs themselves. also points out that the text's peculiar style is something that is separate from its eloquence and linguistic style, and that it is impossible for the Arabs to match this.
Full transcript with timestamps: CLICK TO EXPAND
0:00:15 so we're going to discuss now0:00:16 specifically the linguistic miracle of0:00:18 the quran0:00:20 we know that islam is a unique deen a0:00:22 unique way of life in so many ways0:00:25 one of the fundamental ways it differs0:00:28 from any other religion out there is0:00:30 that it presents its presents a0:00:32 testified and verifiable mechanism to0:00:36 determine the truthfulness of of its0:00:38 claim0:00:39 and i think this point0:00:41 should be really reflected upon by many0:00:43 i think many non-muslims as well they0:00:45 need to be aware of this point because0:00:47 although they may have come across0:00:48 religions in the past and may have come0:00:50 across the idea that you know religion0:00:52 is about a leap of faith0:00:54 islam on the other hand0:00:56 actually says that there needs to be a0:00:58 testifiable and testable and verifiable0:01:01 way to determine its truthfulness and he0:01:03 presents that and we're told that this0:01:05 is the quran itself both it contains the0:01:08 message as well as the evidence that uh0:01:12 of the of that message as well0:01:15 so0:01:17 when we talked about in the previous0:01:19 uh0:01:20 previous0:01:21 video we talked about the linguistic the0:01:23 modus are the nature of a miraculous0:01:26 event and we said that there are certain0:01:27 things regardless of this and we said0:01:30 that it has to be inimitable it has to0:01:32 be0:01:33 uh you know beyond human production has0:01:36 to be in an area that people are aware0:01:38 of that they have an expertise upon and0:01:41 it also has to have some sort of0:01:42 challenge that people maybe contest0:01:44 regards to that0:01:46 now0:01:47 when we say the quran is a linguistic0:01:50 miracle merges a for many people they0:01:52 don't really understand what that means0:01:55 they think well do i need to be an arab0:01:57 in order to understand this0:01:59 do i need you know is this a subjective0:02:02 taste issue muslims are saying the quran0:02:05 is beautiful but what if somebody else0:02:07 says well some other literature is0:02:09 better or worse0:02:11 so we really want to understand0:02:13 is the edge of the linguistic miracle an0:02:16 objective miracle is it something that0:02:18 has rules and regulations that we can0:02:20 assess in order to determine or for0:02:23 those people of expertise to determine0:02:25 whether0:02:26 it is beyond human production or not and0:02:29 secondly we also want to look at uh this0:02:32 question about how does a non-arab a0:02:36 non-arab speaker understand the miracle0:02:39 of the quran0:02:42 so allah0:02:44 in the quran states0:02:46 and if you are in doubt concerning that0:02:48 which we have sent down i the quran to0:02:50 our slave the prophet muhammad0:02:52 sallallahu alaihi wasallam0:02:54 then produce a chapter a surah of the0:02:57 like thereof and call your witnesses0:03:00 supporters and helpers besides allah if0:03:02 you are truthful0:03:04 this is one of number of many verses0:03:07 that are mentioned in the quran that0:03:08 lays out a very clear challenge to0:03:11 produce a surah like it0:03:13 but the question is we need to really0:03:15 ask is why is it that musa al-islam had0:03:19 a visual miracle a you know stick that0:03:21 turned into a snake why is it that islam0:03:24 was able to cure the sick0:03:26 but the prophet sallallahu alaihi0:03:28 wasallam had a literature had a a0:03:31 miracle in literature yeah a linguistic0:03:34 miracle as we said as we mentioned0:03:38 as we previously mentioned in the the0:03:40 previous videos0:03:41 the miracles that were given to the0:03:42 prophets0:03:44 were given to them in a subject area0:03:46 that the people were familiar in0:03:48 and in fact considered themselves as0:03:50 experts at that time0:03:52 so as we said musa islam were the0:03:54 magicians at the time isla islam you0:03:56 know they had doctors and healers0:03:59 so0:03:59 what was it that the people at time of0:04:01 the prophet muhammad sallallahu alaihi0:04:03 wasallam0:04:04 were known for what was their expertise0:04:07 well actually0:04:08 we know that the arabs during that0:04:09 period of time0:04:10 were generally seen as the fringes of0:04:13 historical events the main powers were0:04:15 the byzantiums and the persians0:04:18 you know these were the main centers of0:04:20 civilization even the chinese at that0:04:22 time and really the arabs were0:04:24 completely ignored they had no no they0:04:26 didn't really have much in terms of0:04:28 their achievements to speak about but0:04:30 one thing that they claimed expertise0:04:33 upon0:04:35 was the knowledge of the arabic language0:04:38 this was the ability to construct0:04:40 different forms of stylized arabic0:04:42 language which they used to compete with0:04:44 one another0:04:46 and this is you know arabic language was0:04:48 very important to these people because0:04:50 it was used like0:04:52 composing poetry it was used to record0:04:54 their battles their achievements to0:04:56 praise the rulers to honor their tribes0:04:59 this is why arabic poetry was was termed0:05:02 you know later on diwan al-arab meaning0:05:05 the register of the arab it was a way of0:05:07 recording the information of the history0:05:09 of the arabs0:05:11 and it's also mentioned in the0:05:12 encyclopedia britannica that states0:05:15 about the importance of arabic to0:05:16 pre-islamic arabia it states0:05:18 the tribes of the arabian peninsula in0:05:21 the pre-period pre-islamic period0:05:23 pre-7th century0:05:25 provided the social venue for the0:05:27 earliest examples of arabic poetry the0:05:30 poet's performances of his odes were a0:05:33 powerful tool at the arabs disposal0:05:36 arousing its heroes to battle against0:05:38 their enemies extolling extolling0:05:40 chivalry and generosity of its men and0:05:42 the beauty of its women and0:05:44 pouring scorn on the foibles of its of0:05:47 the opposing tribes0:05:49 it was stated that the arabs this is a0:05:52 close quote so he stated that the arabs0:05:55 would celebrate on two occasions the0:05:57 first was the birth of the son of the0:05:58 leader of a particular tribe but the0:06:00 second one was the birth of the poet of0:06:03 a tribe so when there was a person who0:06:04 was seen as a a poet skilled and0:06:07 knowledgeable in the arabic language0:06:09 they would celebrate and feast upon this0:06:11 and as i said the reason for this is0:06:14 because the pre-islamic societies they0:06:16 lacked written material so if you're0:06:18 going to record information if you're0:06:20 going to record your history if you're0:06:22 going to become famous if you want to0:06:24 talk about your tribe or your leader or0:06:26 whatever it is then the way you're going0:06:28 to do that is through memorable poems0:06:31 memorable language that was composed in0:06:33 the arabic and so that's why poets were0:06:36 so honored within0:06:38 you know the arab society because they0:06:40 were the the record keepers they were0:06:41 the ones that could make a tribe famous0:06:44 or a person famous0:06:45 so poetry and poets they were honored it0:06:48 was a sign of dignity and education to0:06:51 be able to compose poetry they'd become0:06:53 famous and even wealthy due to their0:06:55 poetry0:06:57 therefore it makes sense0:06:59 that if this is so important to them the0:07:01 arabic language0:07:03 that if a miraculous sign was to be sent0:07:05 to them it would be in what they know0:07:08 which is the language0:07:10 so it's within and so0:07:12 you know because it's within their their0:07:14 capacity they are therefore able to0:07:17 construct an understanding of whether0:07:18 this is within human composition or does0:07:22 this go outside0:07:23 of human composition so what is it that0:07:26 makes the quranic language unique what0:07:28 does it make the quran unique0:07:31 and this is what i want to go for and i0:07:32 want to go through this in order to show0:07:34 and explain0:07:36 how there is an objective criteria that0:07:38 we are using when we're looking and oh0:07:39 when an arab expert looks and assesses0:07:42 the linguistic miracle of quran the0:07:44 first aspect0:07:46 and this is the major aspect to the0:07:48 linguistic miracle the morajiza0:07:50 is understood by understanding the0:07:52 science known as0:07:54 which means the science of rhetoric or0:07:57 the science of constructing meaningful0:07:59 statements0:08:01 the second one0:08:03 is0:08:04 minor to the the first or is less0:08:06 significant0:08:08 is to do with the genre of the quran0:08:11 meaning the the way that the quran0:08:13 sounds is unique to other types of0:08:15 arabic language0:08:17 so if we look at the the second part the0:08:19 genre part first and then we'll go on to0:08:21 the major part later on0:08:24 so when we look at the second part we0:08:26 found that the quran has a unique sound0:08:28 even people are non-arab non-arab0:08:30 speakers0:08:32 when they hear the quran0:08:34 it sounds very different to normal0:08:36 arabic or even different forms of arabic0:08:38 poetry or even like you know when uh0:08:41 people they make dua you you can tell a0:08:44 difference when they're making dua in0:08:45 arabic where it comes from the quran or0:08:48 if it doesn't come from the quran so0:08:50 anybody who listens to the quran can0:08:52 tell that there is something different0:08:53 something special about what we probably0:08:55 termed the musicality of the verses0:08:59 so what is going on here how and how0:09:01 does this sound of the quran how is it0:09:03 unique well during pre-islamic times0:09:06 language stylized language or language0:09:09 journey was divided into two main types0:09:12 the first one was known as prose the0:09:14 second one was known as poetry so what0:09:16 is prose prose is unrhythmical speech0:09:20 so speech which doesn't have a0:09:22 definitive beat or definite b or a0:09:25 particular pattern or a particular0:09:27 rhythm to it each in each verse0:09:29 just prose0:09:31 uh the second one is poetry so what is0:09:33 poetry poetry is where you have0:09:35 rhythmical beats to the verses so it0:09:38 doesn't necessarily have to rhyme but0:09:40 there has to be a set pattern or set0:09:42 rhythm within each of the sentences and0:09:44 verses0:09:46 in arabic language the arabic experts0:09:48 they subdivided poetry into 16 different0:09:52 forms0:09:53 these were known as al-bihar the seas0:09:56 so we 16 different forms of patterns or0:09:59 beats within the rhythm of these poetic0:10:01 verses0:10:03 prose was subdivided into two main types0:10:06 morsel and saja0:10:08 murcil is unrhymed0:10:10 unrhythmical speech so it's like regular0:10:12 speech and sadhya was0:10:15 was is0:10:16 rhymed unrhythmical speech so it's0:10:18 unrhythmical there's no set beat but0:10:20 there is a rhyming scheme within each of0:10:22 the verses0:10:24 so when we look at the quran and the0:10:25 quranic style we find that the quranic0:10:27 style does not fit within any of the 160:10:30 different forms of poetry or the two0:10:32 different general forms of prose it's0:10:35 not be it's not from the bihar0:10:38 style or rhythmic nor from morsel or0:10:40 sajah0:10:43 so sometimes you would find within the0:10:45 quran there is rhyme and then sometimes0:10:48 for aesthetic reasons and for you know0:10:51 impact upon meaning it would break the0:10:53 rhyme0:10:54 of that that rhyming pattern sometimes0:10:57 you find that there is a beat a regular0:11:00 pattern within the quran and then0:11:02 sometimes it breaks that regularity of0:11:04 the pattern so there's something unique0:11:05 there's something going on with the0:11:06 quran which doesn't fit within any of0:11:08 the normal stylized forms of speech0:11:12 so0:11:13 what makes it unique0:11:15 i'm only going to talk about two aspects0:11:17 here in terms of the sound and the0:11:19 musicality0:11:20 the first one is the ease of recitation0:11:24 anyone including those who don't know0:11:26 arabic sense it's smoothness0:11:28 and unique sound to the quran0:11:31 and this is generated through the0:11:32 phonetic sounds of the words so how you0:11:34 pronounce the sounds the points of0:11:36 articulation0:11:38 and so when you have smooth transition0:11:40 from one word to the next word what you0:11:42 find within the quran is that the quran0:11:45 the phonetics the word the letters0:11:48 within the word they are closely0:11:50 associated to the next word0:11:52 so you find that there is not an abrupt0:11:55 jump in sound from and you know as an0:11:58 example in sort of here we say0:12:00 alhamdulillah0:12:02 so it's a very smooth transition in that0:12:05 verse and many of the verses or all of0:12:07 the verses they have this smooth0:12:08 transition and that's why you can hear0:12:11 sort of a the musicality the uniqueness0:12:14 uh within the quran0:12:16 and if you ever listen to a regular arab0:12:18 speech speaker you'll find that the the0:12:21 language the way they speak0:12:23 sounds quite harsh quite abrupt0:12:25 sometimes and that's because obviously0:12:27 there you know there's a lot of guttural0:12:29 sounds within the arabic language but0:12:31 when you listen to the quran you don't0:12:33 listen to anything which you see as0:12:35 harsh from the ear even for a non-arab0:12:37 it sounds smooth and that's because of0:12:39 the points of articulation0:12:42 you know are similar the transitions are0:12:44 similar from the letters from one word0:12:46 to the letters to the next word0:12:48 and this also makes it easy or0:12:50 relatively easy to learn and memorize0:12:53 the quran because there is a you know0:12:55 there is a smoothness and0:12:58 an ease in order to memorize that so0:13:00 that's the first aspect in terms of the0:13:01 genre the second aspect of the quran in0:13:04 terms of genre is that the sounds of0:13:07 those words correspond to the meaning of0:13:09 those words what i mean by this it's0:13:10 like similar to this term in english we0:13:12 called onomatopoeia0:13:14 now onomatopoeia means where a sound a0:13:17 word sounds like its meaning like0:13:20 whisper or in arabic0:13:23 you know this means you know you know it0:13:25 sounds like the actual action and the0:13:27 meaning of the word itself0:13:29 but also the quran does something else0:13:31 it has onomatopoeic0:13:33 words like waswasa but also0:13:36 it uses words0:13:38 when describing uh you know things that0:13:42 correspond to the sound so as an example0:13:45 of this when talking about jannah and0:13:48 pleasant things the letters are used and0:13:51 the words that i use are delicate0:13:53 letters that are used within the words0:13:56 but whenever allah is talking about0:13:58 something harsh0:13:59 something you know0:14:01 like punishment of hell fire then heavy0:14:04 sounding letters are used are those0:14:07 words that contain heavy sounding0:14:09 letters0:14:10 similarly when the quran refers to0:14:12 things which are about heaven and reward0:14:15 you have shorter vowel0:14:17 words0:14:19 easy to pronounce letters0:14:21 when its description is of hell then you0:14:23 have heavy sounding letters or longer0:14:26 vowels as well like for example the word0:14:31 which means an ambush0:14:33 where allah says0:14:37 yeah truly hell is a place of ambush and0:14:41 so the word the letter sod it takes0:14:44 emphasis so it's emphasized correlating0:14:47 to its meaning so the sound of the words0:14:50 correlates the meaning and the mood and0:14:52 the emotions of the verses of quran0:14:55 itself0:14:57 so together with the smooth transition0:14:59 between words the choice of words0:15:01 reflecting the emotions elicited from0:15:03 the meaning of the word you get this0:15:05 unique musicality of the quran0:15:07 but i also said that this isn't the0:15:10 major aspect of the miraculous nature of0:15:12 the quran0:15:13 rather the mage aspect is in this term0:15:16 the balara which is the eloquence or the0:15:19 rhetoric of the quran0:15:21 and this idea of balaga0:15:24 you know0:15:25 rhetoric you know maybe something that0:15:27 we don't really study much in the0:15:29 english language but it's something that0:15:31 any student of arabic knows that once0:15:33 they have studied0:15:35 surf yeah grammar and morphology that0:15:38 they go on to study0:15:41 yeah0:15:43 knowledge or the science are producing0:15:46 quality meaning sentences or quality0:15:48 meaning verses and that's because when0:15:50 you construct you know if you understand0:15:52 vocabulary and grammar and you can make0:15:54 grammatically correct statements it0:15:56 doesn't necessarily mean that the0:15:58 statement or the sentence is the best0:16:00 form of expressing a meaning0:16:03 so to understand how to express the0:16:05 meaning in the best way with preserving0:16:08 beauty and eloquence and conveying that0:16:11 to the speaker then that's where we0:16:13 study the issue of the science of0:16:15 rhetoric0:16:17 now0:16:18 within the quran0:16:20 what is it regards regardless balaka0:16:22 there's a few things the first thing0:16:24 regards to the0:16:26 is is that it is able to convey0:16:29 the most amount of meaning or the0:16:31 highest level of meaning in the shortest0:16:34 sentence construct such that it is0:16:37 becomes impossible to reach the same0:16:40 level of meaning while preserving its0:16:42 beauty and eloquence0:16:44 within that verse you can't change it0:16:47 either you would have to add more words0:16:48 and therefore it becomes more verbose0:16:50 yeah and more longer and elongated0:16:53 or what happens is that you will change0:16:55 the wording and therefore you will0:16:56 change the actual you know impact of the0:16:59 meaning and the expressibility of that0:17:00 particular meaning you can't convey the0:17:03 same level in that short construct so0:17:06 you know and this is when the quran does0:17:09 something which is very unique in0:17:10 language it's able to0:17:14 bring together two things0:17:15 one conciseness and two beautiful beauty0:17:19 so for example we can be very concise0:17:21 but when you're very concise you're very0:17:23 to the point very maybe even abrupt0:17:26 you know you don't sound in terms of the0:17:28 language you use is beautiful0:17:30 or if you want to use beautiful language0:17:32 what tends to happen is you become quite0:17:34 verbose you start speaking a lot you0:17:35 start using lots of you know flowery0:17:38 language in order to make it sound more0:17:39 impactful but what the quran does is0:17:42 able to bring conciseness the height of0:17:44 meaning and beauty all together in one0:17:51 so how does the quran do this well in0:17:54 order to understand how the quran does0:17:55 this we need to dive into some of the0:17:57 aspects of the science of balaga and how0:17:59 it and what it refers to0:18:03 it is subdivided into three further0:18:05 sciences first one is0:18:08 which is the science of meaning0:18:11 0:18:13 which is to do with the science of0:18:14 expression0:18:16 and0:18:17 which is the science related to0:18:18 embellishing the language or0:18:20 embellishing the speech0:18:22 and i just want to briefly touch upon0:18:24 these points because0:18:25 you know this is very deep detailed uh0:18:28 topic uh in in and of itself but it you0:18:31 know and it's beyond the scope of this0:18:33 particular course it requires causes in0:18:35 itself but it's good to understand some0:18:37 of the basics in order to understand0:18:38 actually there are sciences behind this0:18:40 there are people who have laid out0:18:42 you know objectives criterias and0:18:45 expectations and therefore the rules by0:18:47 which people can create meaningful0:18:49 beautiful sentences and statements and0:18:51 if they follow those rules or not0:18:55 so why so what are these uh so we've0:18:57 mentioned what these three substances uh0:18:59 subdivisions are what ilma is0:19:08 the science of meaning about0:19:09 constructing meaning is further0:19:11 subdivided as well so there's a0:19:13 number of subdivisions even just within0:19:16 this subdivision of ilma balaga one of0:19:20 those subdivisions is what's known as0:19:22 syntax syntax is the arrangement of0:19:24 words0:19:25 you know another one is to do with the0:19:27 use of pronouns and0:19:28 nouns so when do you replace a pronoun0:19:30 with a noun or a noun with a pronoun0:19:32 and also aspects related to emphasis uh0:19:35 and how much emphasis is needing0:19:37 depending upon the audience amongst0:19:39 other things and there's other aspects0:19:40 of0:19:42 but let's just take a couple of examples0:19:44 in arabic language unlike english we can0:19:47 rearrange the words yet the same time0:19:49 preserve the general sentence the0:19:51 general meaning of the sentence yeah so0:19:53 for example if i had zaid and i had0:19:55 armor yeah and i wanted to say zaid0:19:58 in english i would have to use the0:20:00 correct order i'd have to say zaid hit0:20:03 armor i can't change the order if i say0:20:06 zaid armor it becomes ungrammatical if i0:20:09 say armor hit zayd then i've changed the0:20:11 person who's been doing the hitting i0:20:13 the subject and therefore the object0:20:15 but in arabic we would say zaydundaraba0:20:18 amaran meaning zaid hit amir but i can0:20:21 also say in arabic0:20:27 so0:20:28 um it still preserves the same meaning0:20:31 and that's because of this idea of case0:20:33 endings within the arabic language the0:20:35 dhamma the father the kasra this will0:20:38 affect who the subject is who the object0:20:41 is how to identify the verb etc what's0:20:44 the role that the noun is going to play0:20:46 within the particular sentence0:20:48 so these three words zaid amur in arabic0:20:52 language i can arrange them into six0:20:54 different forms six different sentences0:20:57 they all mean the general statement zaid0:21:01 but they all have subtle differences0:21:04 when it comes to the meaning it conveys0:21:07 so if i had an audience who were unaware0:21:10 of who was hit0:21:12 then i might bring amer as the beginning0:21:15 of that sentence0:21:19 so i'm actually saying zayd ahmad but0:21:21 i'm putting the emphasis upon amur0:21:23 if people are unsure exactly what0:21:25 happened they know there was two people0:21:27 and there was some issue that went on0:21:29 then maybe i'll put the verb at the0:21:30 beginning0:21:32 so depending upon the arrangement of the0:21:35 words would impact upon the subtlety of0:21:38 the meaning that we're trying to convey0:21:40 and so out of the six different forms0:21:44 of zaide amur0:21:46 one of them would be the best form for0:21:48 the audience and that would be0:21:50 determined by the science of meaning0:21:55 under the issue of0:21:56 syntax so0:22:00 we can see this within the quran0:22:02 you know if you think about you've got0:22:03 three words you can rearrange it six0:22:05 times more words you got the more0:22:07 permutations you have0:22:09 in the quran we have over six 000 verses0:22:13 and those 6 000 verses could potentially0:22:16 be rearranged in different ways some of0:22:18 most of them anyway can be rearranged in0:22:21 a different order but the order of0:22:23 syntax the order of words within the0:22:26 quran is the perfect order at every0:22:30 moment every verse within the quran yeah0:22:32 not just like one or two every single0:22:35 one and i'll give you an example of this0:22:37 is for example for example in0:22:39 allah says0:22:45 thee alone we worship and be alone we0:22:47 ask for help now i could say0:22:50 i we worship you0:22:53 but and the word ka here means you in0:22:55 this sense but by bringing the you0:22:59 the cat before na badou0:23:02 before the worship0:23:04 then this u becomes exclusionary0:23:07 so the fact that allah just changed the0:23:10 order0:23:11 of the you from at the end of the the0:23:14 word of worship to the beginning of the0:23:16 word of worship it now makes0:23:19 the verse mean you only you do we0:23:22 worship and you and only you do we ask0:23:25 for help so it's a arrangement of words0:23:27 you're not added any more words and that0:23:30 only comes through the correct syntax0:23:32 and so that's when we say when the quran0:23:34 constructs the highest amount of meaning0:23:35 in the short shortest sentence construct0:23:38 this is an example of this so that's0:23:40 just0:23:41 you know0:23:42 one example amongst the 6 000 verses0:23:45 that we could go through that can show0:23:47 that every single verse has the correct0:23:50 word ordering yeah word ordering not0:23:53 even looking at the vocabulary of the0:23:55 verses within this0:23:58 and you know we can uh you know we could0:24:00 look at other aspects regards to this so0:24:02 we could look at in terms of0:24:04 uh the sub the discussion about emphasis0:24:07 when you emphasize your speech when you0:24:08 don't emphasize your speech0:24:10 so in the quran it says that if you're0:24:13 addressing a person and the person say0:24:15 in arabic language when you're0:24:16 addressing a person and the person0:24:18 agrees with you you don't emphasize your0:24:20 speech yeah you don't use emphasis when0:24:23 a person asks you a question0:24:25 so he's confused sincerely over the0:24:28 matter then depending upon the level of0:24:30 confusion you might use one0:24:32 or two emphasis0:24:34 but if a person is being stubborn0:24:37 and he's in a disagreement0:24:39 in regards to you then you will use two0:24:42 free or more emphasis0:24:44 in order to prove the point0:24:47 that you're trying to express0:24:49 and you know we've got this example0:24:51 insulted0:25:01 is an emphasis a sofa is an emphasis and0:25:04 the repetition of that verse is also an0:25:06 emphasis so you have three emphasis that0:25:09 are taking place within that verse we0:25:11 know who the address is just from that0:25:14 so we know the address is the0:25:15 disbelievers and therefore we would0:25:17 understand that this verse was revealed0:25:18 in mecca and guess what ibn kathir0:25:20 mentions this revealed this verse was0:25:22 revealed in mecca to a people who0:25:24 rejected the concept of0:25:26 resurrection and they stood against the0:25:28 tao of the prophet sallallahu alaihi0:25:30 wasallam so allah is emphasizing the0:25:33 point to people reject this idea who was0:25:35 stubborn and stood against the tao of0:25:36 the prophet sallallahu that you will0:25:38 definitely come to know when you are0:25:40 resurrected from death0:25:44 so we're just giving two basic examples0:25:46 and we could go and discuss more we0:25:47 could talk about bayern0:25:49 which is a style of speech when to use a0:25:51 literal metaphor metanim we could talk0:25:53 about ilma badi which are a rhetorical0:25:55 devices how to embellish speech further0:25:58 emphasize it and the quran uses uh0:26:00 numerous forms of you know aspects of0:26:03 body within all the within the various0:26:06 verses of the quran furthermore we0:26:08 haven't even touched upon the choice of0:26:10 words used in the quran so the0:26:12 vocabulary that's used within the quran0:26:15 you know and we could explain that even0:26:17 further you know why is it in surah0:26:19 baqarah verse 2 why is the word rabe0:26:22 used for doubt where he says0:26:25 rather than or shack then means also0:26:28 doubt and shut can also mean doubt and0:26:31 that's because when you say la reib0:26:33 you're saying there is no doubt to the0:26:34 point where not only your mind doesn't0:26:37 doubt it but you have subkina you have0:26:38 tranquility in your heart that you're0:26:40 not going to doubt it and we can look at0:26:42 every single verse we can look at its0:26:44 arrangement we can look at its words we0:26:46 can look at aspects of0:26:48 we can look at the aspects of emphasis0:26:50 we can look at the aspects of body0:26:52 that's used you know0:26:56 in addition to also a unique genre so we0:26:59 can look at the flow ability the fact0:27:01 that the arrangement of words within the0:27:03 sentence produces the greatest meaning0:27:06 is the best construct within that but0:27:09 also it matches the0:27:11 the musicality of the quran as well and0:27:13 that's why many arab experts say that0:27:16 the quran it was a zo arabic language0:27:19 was produced for the quran rather than0:27:22 quran coming out of arabic language it0:27:24 was arabic language that came out of the0:27:26 quran meaning that it was almost like0:27:28 you knew that the quran was the perfect0:27:30 language and you therefore had to0:27:32 construct the language to fit within0:27:34 that0:27:36 and there's another point that needs to0:27:37 be mentioned as well just as a side0:27:40 point but it's important to mention0:27:42 that when these verses were revealed to0:27:44 the prophet sallallahu alaihi we talked0:27:45 about all this aspect of perfection0:27:47 within the quran and i've tried to go as0:27:49 as quickly as briefly but as you know0:27:52 important as pos er you know covering0:27:53 the main points as possible so we at0:27:55 least get the idea in our head but when0:27:57 these verses were recited they were0:27:59 recited at various incidences like in0:28:01 battles like when the quraysh or the0:28:03 non-muslims they started questioning the0:28:04 prophet0:28:05 like when he was being attacked or0:28:07 verbally abused when he was being0:28:08 dedicated these verses were being0:28:10 revealed and then he would recite it as0:28:12 responses to the incidences at hand as0:28:15 soon as the protestant recited it it was0:28:18 impossible for him to re-edit what he0:28:21 said it's not out there so if he's0:28:23 claiming this is the most perfect0:28:25 language0:28:26 the most perfect construct which is0:28:28 unique and he's reciting it in response0:28:31 with the revelations given to him in0:28:32 response to a question in response to0:28:35 somebody disagreeing with the prophet0:28:37 sallallahu alaihi wasallam if they're0:28:39 looking for a mistake0:28:41 yeah they would find a mistake0:28:43 if it's normal human speech for me if0:28:45 i'm speaking here i'm making many0:28:48 grammatical mistakes i'm uming and aring0:28:50 all of these things but for the prophet0:28:52 sallallahu alaihi wasallam he was0:28:54 reciting the verses in the height of0:28:57 eloquence such that if you go back and0:28:59 then do proper study on each and every0:29:01 verse of quran you wouldn't be able to0:29:04 change or quickly uh revise or look at0:29:08 maybe any improvements within that so0:29:10 there's no editing process so to really0:29:12 quickly summarize when we take the genre0:29:14 of the language0:29:16 uh0:29:17 on the the the quran when we look at the0:29:20 quran and then we take the we understand0:29:22 the genre of the arabic language during0:29:24 the time the the prox we find that there0:29:27 was 16 different forms of poetry two0:29:29 different forms of prose0:29:31 and that the quran did not fit within0:29:33 any of these different genres0:29:36 and together also we find that the word0:29:38 choices the choice of words0:29:41 were perfect in conveying the precise0:29:44 particular meaning0:29:46 while also understanding how these0:29:47 conveyed its verses with perfect0:29:49 agreement in the laws of belarca0:29:53 we also know that there was no editing0:29:55 process within the quranic verses as0:29:57 soon as they were recited at the various0:29:58 incidences then it's i think it's pretty0:30:01 clear that linguistic challenge is0:30:03 unique and is something definitely that0:30:05 can be objectively assessed0:30:09 in his ashifa summarizes this by stating0:30:12 it's excellent composition it's0:30:15 appropriate word usage usage it's0:30:18 eloquence it's multiple forms of brevity0:30:22 its extraordinary rhetoric unheard of0:30:24 among the arabs who themselves were the0:30:26 doyens of language and the masters of0:30:28 this science its unusual arrangements0:30:31 unusual arrangement the0:30:33 peculiar style that was out of keeping0:30:35 of the literary style of the arabs also0:30:38 unique was the poetic and prosaic0:30:40 structure0:30:41 with which it came upon which are based0:30:43 its verse endings and the rhymes of its0:30:46 vocabulary vocabulary0:30:48 nothing comparable existed before and0:30:50 after it each one of its forms brevity0:30:53 rhetoric and peculiar style are distinct0:30:55 categories of inimitability none of0:30:58 which the arabs were able to match these0:31:00 were beyond their capabilities distinct0:31:02 from their type of eloquence and0:31:04 linguistic style this is in contrast to0:31:07 those who hold that its inimitability0:31:09 lies in its totality of its rhetoric and0:31:12 its style0:31:23 you