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What caused the Big Bang? | The Evidence Course | Session 3 / Part 2 (2021-08-19) ​

Description ​

Sesson 3 Part 2

In an age of information overload and widespread pseudo-intellectualism, understanding the core foundations of Islam is as essential as ever.

This course comprehensively deconstructs the skeletal structure of prevalent ideologies and concepts such as atheism, scientism, materialism, secularism, and skepticism, in light of an all-encompassing intellectually robust Islamic worldview.

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The Hosts:

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Jake, The Muslim Metaphysician

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Yusuf Ponders, The Pondering Soul

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Sharif

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Abdulrahman

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The Hosts: ----------------------| Jake Brancatella, The Muslim Metaphysician

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Yusuf Ponders, The Pondering Soul

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Sharif

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Abdulrahman

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Admin

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#bigbang #islam #science

Summary of What caused the Big Bang? | The Evidence Course | Session 3 / Part 2 ​

This summary is AI generated - there may be inaccuracies. *

00:00:00 - 00:15:00 ​

discusses the argument that asks what caused the Big Bang, and how it goes against the theory that the universe has always existed. It points out that this question assumes that time existed before the Big Bang, and therefore it can't be answered. Some atheists have attempted to propose other explanations for the Big Bang, but all of them ultimately lead to the conclusion that a creator exists.

**00:00:00

  • Discusses the argument that asks what caused the Big Bang, and how it goes against the theory that the universe has always existed. It points out that this question assumes that time existed before the Big Bang, and therefore it can't be answered. Some atheists have attempted to propose other explanations for the Big Bang, but all of them ultimately lead to the conclusion that a creator exists.
  • **00:05:00 ** argues that you can't ask what caused the Big Bang because you presuppose time existed before the Big Bang. He then goes on to argue that even Roger Penrose, a proponent of this argument, has later changed his mind and accepts that there was a cause for the Big Bang.
  • **00:10:00 ** various physicists discuss the evidence for what caused the Big Bang. All of them agree that something existed before the Big Bang, and that it may have been another universe. They also debate the idea that the Big Bang came from a pre-existing state. Finally, they discuss time and how it exists as a product of the universe.
  • **00:15:00
  • Discusses what caused the Big Bang, and concludes that an "independent necessary being" must exist.

Full transcript with timestamps: CLICK TO EXPAND

0:00:13 muhammad0:00:16 there's one contention that some uh0:00:18 atheists they bring regards to the0:00:20 uh the argument that we presented and0:00:23 there's the argument of the temporal0:00:24 causation0:00:26 the limited thing is depend upon another0:00:28 limited thing depend upon another0:00:29 limited thing and we regress it back to0:00:31 the big bang0:00:33 and that argument is that you cannot ask0:00:36 what caused the big bang as the big bang0:00:39 was the cause of time0:00:41 and if you ask what caused the big bang0:00:43 then you are assuming that there was a0:00:46 before0:00:47 the big bang meaning a before0:00:50 time because they say big bang cause0:00:52 time and causality exists prior to the0:00:55 effect in time therefore if there's no0:00:58 before the big bang then there is no0:01:01 cause of the big bang0:01:03 and this argument has been popularized0:01:04 by well-known physicists people like0:01:07 stephen hawking and roger penrose0:01:10 and the basic argument that they're0:01:12 presenting is effectively saying that0:01:14 it's an illogical question what caused0:01:17 the big bang it is like saying what is0:01:20 north of north pole asking the question0:01:22 what is before the big bang or before0:01:24 time existed0:01:27 so0:01:29 just some background i think is0:01:30 important to understand what we mean by0:01:32 the big bang0:01:34 originally scientists they held the0:01:35 belief that the universe was in what0:01:38 they called or they had a theory called0:01:39 the steady state theory of the universe0:01:41 and this held that the universe always0:01:43 existed was eternal in time and eternal0:01:47 inside so it's infinite in time infinite0:01:49 in size always existed0:01:52 but then we had observations that came0:01:54 in and demonstrated that the universe0:01:57 was expanding0:01:59 then a catholic priest who is also a0:02:02 physicist known as george lumatra0:02:05 proposed the idea0:02:07 that the universe was not infinite0:02:09 eternal existence or had an infinite0:02:12 internal existence but rather the0:02:14 universe had a beginning what later0:02:17 became known as the big bang theory0:02:20 the theory obviously had some0:02:22 controversy at the time as it overhauled0:02:25 established scientific beliefs that the0:02:27 universe had always existed0:02:29 and now we have a theory and later0:02:32 observational evidence like the redshift0:02:34 or the uniformity of the microwave0:02:36 background radiation throughout the0:02:38 universe that stated that the universe0:02:41 and all that existed within it0:02:43 had a beginning0:02:45 and thus this raised a number of0:02:47 theological questions in the mind of a0:02:50 number of scientists and also challenged0:02:52 some of the presuppositions that0:02:54 atheists had0:02:56 if the universe hasn't always existed0:02:59 and it began to exist at the big bang0:03:02 then doesn't it raise the question0:03:05 who caused the universe and thus raised0:03:07 the greater possibility of belief in0:03:10 allah belief in god according to these0:03:12 scientists0:03:13 and this as a point0:03:16 was something that the atheists have0:03:17 always tried to wrestle with0:03:19 ever since0:03:20 it was much easier to claim that the0:03:22 universe had always existed therefore0:03:24 there was no course to the universe but0:03:26 now that we can demonstrate the universe0:03:28 had a beginning0:03:29 13.78 billion years ago now atheists are0:03:32 looking at other possible explanations0:03:35 as a way to get around the inevitable0:03:37 conclusion that a creator a los pano0:03:40 adela exists and that's why0:03:42 some atheists now they say that the0:03:44 universe that we reside in is actually0:03:46 part of a larger cosmos a larger set of0:03:50 universes that exist outside the0:03:52 multiverse theory which we've addressed0:03:54 in previous videos0:03:56 others have attempted to claim that the0:03:58 universe began from nothing and that0:04:00 there supposedly that and that0:04:03 supposedly the science points0:04:05 to this fact that something can come0:04:08 from nothing and we'll address this in0:04:11 you know in a couple of in the next0:04:13 video uh regards to this question0:04:16 and others still claim that we cannot0:04:19 ask what caused the big bang0:04:21 because this implies that time existed0:04:24 before the big bang so we can only say0:04:26 the big bang existed we can't say what0:04:29 was before the big bang or what caused0:04:31 the big bang because asking the question0:04:33 of cause according to them is saying0:04:35 that cause exist temporarily before the0:04:39 effect and therefore there was no before0:04:42 according to what they're saying and0:04:43 proposing regards to this0:04:46 so0:04:47 i think intuitively naturally we look at0:04:50 this question about0:04:51 the universe the big bang and we0:04:54 naturally ask the question what caused0:04:55 it why is it you know0:04:57 why is this temporal0:04:59 thing that began to exist that we termed0:05:02 contingent you know what is it0:05:04 necessarily dependent upon what does it0:05:06 depend upon other than itself so it's0:05:08 natural it's a natural question that we0:05:10 we seek to ask and obviously we've0:05:12 addressed these questions before how we0:05:14 come from the conclusion that contingent0:05:16 possible beings exist to the conclusion0:05:18 that a necessary eternal independent0:05:21 creator exists but what they're trying0:05:23 to do is now to stop us from asking this0:05:25 question to say you can't ask that0:05:27 question because it's an illogical0:05:29 question0:05:30 so the first thing0:05:32 is is that0:05:33 the argument that causality0:05:36 the argument about you can't ask what0:05:38 caused the big bang because you're0:05:39 assuming time before the big bang0:05:41 presupposes that causality always occur0:05:45 prior in effect in time so you have the0:05:49 effect then you have a cause so if i was0:05:52 to hit a0:05:53 cue ball the white ball towards a black0:05:55 ball0:05:56 before the black ball moves the white0:05:58 ball had to move and hit it so here the0:06:01 pool ball the white ball was the cause0:06:04 and it occurred prior to the effect0:06:06 which was movement of the black ball0:06:08 similarly if you have heat and then some0:06:10 time and then sometime later you'll have0:06:12 the boiling effect of water or the0:06:14 boiling of water so the heat is the0:06:17 cause that occurred prior to in time to0:06:19 the effect which is the boiling point of0:06:21 water or the boiling of water which0:06:23 occurred afterwards0:06:25 however causality doesn't have to occur0:06:28 within a temporal setting so you don't0:06:30 have to have this situation where a0:06:31 cause occurs before the effect0:06:35 this is an assumption0:06:36 in fact we can have situations where0:06:39 causality like on a quantum level the0:06:42 cause can come after the effect0:06:43 according to certain observations0:06:45 regardless of this but on a0:06:47 philosophical level we can or a rational0:06:50 level we can demonstrate many examples0:06:52 of when a cause and effect occur at the0:06:55 same moment in time for example if you0:06:59 sit on a cushion0:07:01 and the sitting on the cushion causes0:07:03 the indentation of the cushion this0:07:05 effect occurs simultaneous with the0:07:08 cause so when you sit on a cushion0:07:11 and the cushion depresses0:07:13 indents down0:07:15 that effect occurred at the same moment0:07:17 as the cause which was assisting on the0:07:19 cushion0:07:20 so it's rationally plausible to accept0:07:23 that even if there's no time at the way0:07:26 they define time that is before the big0:07:28 bang that there was a cause that existed0:07:31 distinct from the effect but the cause0:07:34 and the effect occurred at the same0:07:35 moment so you can have a situation where0:07:37 a cause and effect occur the same moment0:07:39 but they're distinct from one another so0:07:41 we can still affirm the fact that the0:07:43 universe0:07:44 and the big bang required a cause0:07:48 so when we say that what caused the big0:07:50 bang or came before the big bang0:07:53 we are using the term before in what we0:07:56 term an ontological sense that is what0:07:58 occurred beyond0:08:01 the distinctiveness or beyond the the0:08:04 effect that we see of the big bang0:08:06 otherwise if we can't ask this question0:08:08 of what what the big bang was dependent0:08:11 upon0:08:12 then we'd fall into a contradiction0:08:14 on the one hand we'd be accepting that0:08:16 the big bang is a contingent thing is a0:08:19 thing that's possible as we said about0:08:21 contingent things they are possible0:08:22 beings meaning that they had a beginning0:08:25 that they are have specific attributes0:08:27 that these attributes are not necessary0:08:29 they can be other forms of attributes0:08:31 they have certain limitations as opposed0:08:33 to other limitations they follow rules0:08:35 and regulations and patterns they don't0:08:38 have to exist therefore there are0:08:39 possible being so we're saying on the0:08:41 one hand the big bang is a contingent0:08:43 thing that follows rules and regulations0:08:46 uh and that the effect0:08:48 of this big bang the creation of this0:08:50 big bang or the what the the effect of0:08:53 the big bang had absolutely no cause i0:08:55 we don't ask the question it makes no0:08:58 sense it's like we are just simply0:09:00 accepting you know uh giving uh an0:09:03 exemption0:09:04 to the big bang when it follows the same0:09:06 rules as everything else that we0:09:08 perceive within the universe0:09:10 not only that but scientists no longer0:09:12 use this argument in an attempt to claim0:09:14 that we cannot0:09:16 theorize at the very least of what0:09:18 occurred before the big bang0:09:20 even roger penrose roger penrose was one0:09:22 of those physicists who argued you can't0:09:24 ask what occurred before the big bang0:09:27 because you can't have time before the0:09:30 uh the universe began but he himself has0:09:32 changed his position he's actually0:09:34 accepted that he's changed his position0:09:36 roger primrose is a professor at oxford0:09:38 university and he argued that concentric0:09:41 circles discovered in the background0:09:43 background micro microwaves of the0:09:45 universe provides evidence0:09:48 yeah of events that took place before0:09:51 the universe came into being so you're0:09:52 saying if you study0:09:54 the micro the background radiation the0:09:56 microwave background radiation that you0:09:58 will dis0:09:59 there's implications that indicate that0:10:01 there was some existence before the big0:10:03 bang maybe another universe0:10:06 so many other physicists seek to ask0:10:09 this question what caused or what0:10:10 occurred before the big bang or what0:10:12 caused the big bang for example harvard0:10:14 educated professor0:10:16 kaku states that the universe and the0:10:19 big bang in his quotes it came from a0:10:21 pre-existing state0:10:23 similarly dr singh who's a distinguished0:10:25 research fellow at the perimeter0:10:28 institute of theoretical physics0:10:29 waterloo ontario canada he said that the0:10:32 big bang came from a previous universe0:10:35 that collapsed upon itself0:10:38 similarly professor smolin from the same0:10:39 institute he argued0:10:42 that the big bang arose from a previous0:10:44 universe that created a black hole so0:10:46 the universe collapsed upon itself0:10:48 created a black hole and then from that0:10:50 came the universe that we live in0:10:52 similarly dr neil turek that said that0:10:55 there exists two colliding membrane0:10:57 structures that caused the big bang0:11:00 so whatever occurred prior to the big0:11:03 bang even if they discover you know0:11:06 whether it's membrane structures whether0:11:07 it is a black hole where it is another0:11:10 universe what they would be pointing to0:11:12 is another limited dependent contingent0:11:15 thing or contingent being0:11:19 so as a result we would still ask the0:11:20 question0:11:21 what caused that or what is that0:11:23 dependent upon if it's limited it's0:11:25 dependent if it's dependent it requires0:11:27 something to bring it into existence0:11:30 and so because we have affirmed that0:11:32 there is an impossibility of an infinite0:11:35 regress meaning one thing dependent upon0:11:37 another thing depend upon another thing0:11:39 that strikes back stretch stretches back0:11:41 forever0:11:42 that that's impossible then that0:11:44 indicates very clearly that there must0:11:47 be something that caused or that is0:11:50 independent that creates the rest of0:11:53 those limited independent limited0:11:55 dependent things within that chain so0:11:58 there has to be ultimately either a0:12:00 independent course0:12:02 or if they they want to discover0:12:04 something other than that it's a limited0:12:06 thing but if it's a limited thing then0:12:08 it fits within the chain or a cycle and0:12:10 therefore it cannot self-sustain itself0:12:13 it won't exist until something0:12:15 independent0:12:17 unlimited either creator allah comes and0:12:20 brings those things into0:12:22 existence0:12:24 so0:12:25 even scientists0:12:27 who you know originally atheists would0:12:29 argue this point but even scientists0:12:30 theorize on what occurred before the big0:12:32 bank and do not consider it an invalid0:12:35 or an illogical question to ask0:12:38 furthermore the third point when we say0:12:41 time began what do we mean by time0:12:44 einstein said time has no independent0:12:47 existence apart from the order of events0:12:50 by which we measure it and what he meant0:12:53 by this is when we sense time what we0:12:56 are sensing is change that's how we know0:12:59 time exists so for example if you've got0:13:00 a watch you will know the time exists0:13:02 because the seconds hand move around and0:13:05 the minutes and the hour hands then move0:13:07 around the clock face similarly if you0:13:09 didn't have a clock then you know maybe0:13:11 you had a sundial you would notice the0:13:13 shadow on the sundial through the change0:13:16 of the uh the0:13:18 rotator the the rising and the setting0:13:20 of the sun0:13:21 or if you didn't have that ability you0:13:23 would look at maybe the decay of certain0:13:25 atoms so what you're looking at what we0:13:27 all look at when we look at time is0:13:29 we're measuring change of things and0:13:32 when we look at change change is a0:13:34 product of limited dependent contingent0:13:37 things so when we talk about time0:13:39 existing we are basically saying that0:13:41 limited dependent things exist they0:13:44 undergo change and therefore that's how0:13:46 we understand time this is one theory or0:13:49 one view towards time so in that sense0:13:52 when we ask what occurred before the0:13:54 universe or what occurred before the big0:13:56 bang what we're asking or what is the0:13:59 big bang dependent upon what we're0:14:00 really asking is what limited dependent0:14:03 things are dependent upon yeah what are0:14:05 limited things dependent upon0:14:08 so it's a valid question to ask and it's0:14:10 not really it's implying that there's0:14:13 some you know objective view of time0:14:16 either some you know uh0:14:19 time that we cannot any escape from and0:14:22 that we have to move from one point to0:14:24 another point rather in this concept of0:14:26 time time is a product of the universe0:14:29 rather than something that he simply0:14:31 exists so when we asked what occurred0:14:33 before time or what occurred before the0:14:35 big bang or what was the big bang0:14:37 created upon then what we're asking is0:14:39 what is uh what is the dependency of0:14:42 limited things what are they dependent0:14:45 upon0:14:46 so to summarize0:14:48 those who claim it's illogically to ask0:14:50 the question what caused the big bank0:14:52 are incorrect0:14:53 first reason that the cause doesn't have0:14:56 to occur temporarily0:14:58 or temporarily before the effect like0:15:01 the cushion example sitting on the0:15:02 cushion0:15:04 secondly scientists even like roger0:15:06 penrose who originally proposed this0:15:09 argument that you can't ask what caused0:15:11 the big bang0:15:12 now accept the validity of this question0:15:14 of what caused the universe to exist and0:15:16 did it arise from a previous state0:15:19 and thirdly time as we understand it is0:15:22 related to change if we observe in0:15:24 limited object that we observe in0:15:26 limited objects and what we're asking0:15:29 then when we asking what caused limited0:15:31 object0:15:32 is that we are asking what caused the0:15:34 limited objects or what caused limited0:15:36 contingent dependent beings therefore0:15:39 what caused the big bang is a valid0:15:41 question and that leads us still to the0:15:44 same conclusion that there must be an0:15:45 independent necessary being whom we call0:15:48 allah0:16:00 you

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